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Menstruation involves intricate physiological, social, cultural, religious, and psychological factors that deeply impact women and girls globally. Disparities in access to menstrual products, facilities, information, and social support are evident between high-income countries (HICs) and low-income countries (LICs). Female athletes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) encounter distinct challenges due to limited research on the significant effects of menstruation on their daily lives as well as athletic performance. This scoping review investigates existing research on menstruation’s influence on female athletes in LMICs, proposes research gaps, and proposes future study directions.